转载，出处不详，仅供参考学习。
| 英文 | 中文意义 | 例子 |
| 常见试剂/仪器 | ||
| flask | 烧瓶 | 500 mL 4-neck flask |
| separator fenne, | 分液漏斗 | |
| vessel | 釜，容器 | |
| Grubbs’ II | 一种卡宾配体催化剂，用于烯烃复分解反应 | |
| PTC | Phase transfer catalyst | |
| SST | 标准史朗克技术，即一套保证无水无氧的标准操作的集合。 | |
| solution | 溶液 | The solution/suspension/mixture/slurry was stirred at r.t. for 8 hours. |
| suspension | 悬浊液 | |
| mixture | 混合物 | |
| slurry | 浆状物 | |
| r.t. | 室温 (room temperature) | |
| solvent | 溶剂 | |
| TLC | 薄层层析色谱(thin layer chromagotahty) | The reaction was detected by TLC (EA:PE = 1:4). Product Rf = 0.4, material Rf = 0.6. |
| syringe | 注射器 | |
| addition fennel | 滴液漏斗 | |
| cannula | 钢桥，双针头导管（转移大量丁基锂、格氏试剂时尽量使用） | The Grignard reagent was transferred to an addition fennel via cannula. |
| ice bath | 冰浴 | |
| 0il bath | 油浴 | |
| water bath | 水浴 | |
| thermometer | 温度计 | |
| condenser | 冷凝管 | |
| lipase | （脂肪）酶，一般用于酯的水解和醇的酰化的动力学拆分 | |
| concentrated, conc. | 浓的 | Conc. HCl |
| basin | 树脂,一般用来过反相柱 | |
| bleach | 漂白粉溶液，次氯酸钠溶液 | |
| one pot | 一锅（反应），即多组分或者多步反应在一个容器进行 | |
| tandem | 连串（反应），与上者的区别是前一个反应的中间体必须参与后一个反应 | |
| microwave | 微波 | The flask was irradiated in the microwave/UV for 4 hours. |
| UV | 紫外线 | |
| ultrasonic | 超声 | The nano tube was well dispersed by untrasonic. |
| Tube, sealed tube | 试管，封管 | |
| 反应阶段常见操作（因为描述时为被动时态，所有单词均以这一时态列出） | ||
| in situ | 原位，即不分离直接使用 | The ylide was generated in situ and used directly for the addition without isolation. |
| isolation | 分离 | |
| isolated | 分离的(收率) | 98% yield (GC), 95% yield(isolated). |
| allowed | 使，让 | The temperature was allowed to rise to r.t. |
| charged | 充满，加入 | |
| bubbled | 通入气体（一般需要液面下鼓泡） | Carbon dioxide was bubbled to the premade Grignard reagent. |
| attched | 安装，附加（仪器） | A gas absorption device was attched to the flask. |
| added | 添加物料 | The MsCl was added dropwise via a springe in 30 minutes. |
| in portions | 分次加入 | |
| in one portion | 一次加入 | |
| dropwise | 滴加 | |
| degassed | 脱气，脱去溶剂中残存的空气 | The methanol was degassed then added to the flask. |
| refluxed | 回流 | The mixture was refluxed for 4 hours. |
| replaced/purged | 置换（一般用于气体） | The flask was replaced/purged with nitrogen. |
| cooled/chilled | 冷却 | The solution was cooled under ice bath. |
| heated | 加热 | The mixture was heated to 50℃. |
| dissolved | 溶解 | |
| diluted | 稀释 | |
| dispersion | 分散 | NaH (1.0 g, 60% dispersion in mineral oil) |
| vigorously | 强烈的（搅拌、震荡） | |
| Dean-Stark trap | 分水器 | The solution was coevaportated/ azeotroped with benzene/ethanol to remove water by Dean-Stark trap. |
| azeotrope,azeotropic | 共沸，共沸的 | |
| coevaporated | 共沸 | |
| hydrogenated | 氢化 | To the methanol solution of A was added a catalytic amount of 20% Pd/C(1.0 g, contains 60% water), the suspension was hydrogenated under 1 atm H2 until no gas absorption is observed. |
| absorb | 吸收 | |
| catalytic | 催化的 | |
| sticky | 粘稠的 | (the reaction mixture is sticky and high exothermic, so vigorous stirring is needed.) |
| exothermic | 放热的 | |
| recovered | 回收的 | |
| buffer | 缓冲溶液 | |
| analog | 类似物，同系物 | |
| 后处理阶段常见词汇 | ||
| poured | 倾入 | The suspension was quenched with 1 mL 1N HCl, then carefully poured to cold water, shaken and partitioned between 150 mL of DCM and water. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM (50 mL*3). The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. |
| shaken | 振荡，摇晃 | |
| quenched | 淬灭 | |
| partitioned | 分液 | |
| extracted | 萃取 | |
| organic layer | 有机相 | |
| aqueous layer | 水相 | |
| dried | 干燥 | |
| anhydrous | 无水的 | |
| Evaporated | 蒸发（多使用旋转蒸发仪） | The solution was evaporated/ concentrated under reduced pressure. |
| concentrated | 浓缩 （多使用旋转蒸发仪） | |
| triturated | 磨碎，打浆 | The solid was triturated with DCM and filtered. |
| removed | 除去 | The solvent was removed then *** |
| discarded | 丢弃，弃去 | The aqueous layer was discarded. |
| distilled | 蒸馏 | The residue was distilled under vacuum to obtain 30 g colorless liquid，56% yield, 98.6% purity(GC),bp 90-92 ℃/ 5mmHg. |
| residue | 残留物 | |
| vacuum reduced pressure | 真空,减压 | |
| liquid | 液体 | |
| oil | 油，油状物 | |
| yield | 收率 | |
| purity | 纯度 | |
| solidfied | 固化 | The oil was solidified on standing. |
| over night | 过夜 | |
| hyophilization | 冻干（利用冰的升华干燥，用于对加热极为敏感的化合物） | The isolated enzyme was dried by hyophilization to give a crystal. |
| precipitate | 析出，析出物 | Solid was precipitated while cooling. |
| dried under vacuum | 真空干燥 | |
| conversion | 转化率 | The coversion/ purity was determined with GC/ HPLC. RT(material): 5.34 min; RT(product):6.78 min. |
| obtain/ afford | 获得 | |
| GC | 气相色谱 | |
| HPLC | 高效液相色谱 | |
| selectivity | 选择性 | |
| GC-MS | 气相色谱-质谱联用 | Main by-products/ impurities was determined by GC-MS/ LC-MS, MS (ESI): 246.5([M+H]+). The suggested structure is ********. |
| LC-MS | 液相色谱-质谱联用 | |
| by-product | 副产物 | |
| impurity | 杂质 | |
| chromatography flash chromatography | 层析 快速柱层析（即用气流吹） | The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1:1) as eluent to give the product. |
| eluent | 淋洗剂，洗脱剂 | |
| silica | 硅胶 | |
| brine | 食盐水 | The organic layer was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate and brine. |
| saturated | 饱和的 | |
| foam | 泡沫 | The residue was purified to afford a light yellow foam/ solid/ powder/ crystal, mp 122-126 ℃. |
| solid | 固体 | |
| crystal | 晶体 | |
| powder | 粉末 | |
| celite | 硅藻土 | The suspension was carefully poured into cold water. The pH was adjusted to <3 with 1N HCl. Then filtered through celite pad, the cake was washed with DCM. The filtrate was separated.. |
| adjusted | 调整（pH值） | |
| filtered | 过滤 | |
| Filtrate | 滤液 | |
| cake | 滤饼，滤渣 | |
| acidified | 酸化 | |
| basified | 碱化 | |
| neutralized | 中和 | |
| recrystallized recrystallization | 重结晶（多采用混合溶剂，先加良溶剂加热溶解，后加入不良溶剂到刚刚析出固体，再反加少许良溶剂） | The solid was recrystallized from methol/water (1:1) to afford 3.0 g colorless crystal. The product was purified by recrystallization from methol/water (1:1). |
| decompose | 分解 | |
| sublimation | 升华 | |
| determined | 测定 | |
| crude | 粗（产品） | |
| Prep-HPLC | 制备液相色谱 | |
| Prep-TLC | 制备薄层色谱（刮板） | |
| Single crystal | 单晶（常见制备方法为缓慢挥发溶剂法、不良溶剂扩散法等） | |
| 产品理化数据收集阶段 | ||
| 1H NMR | 核磁共振氢谱，请注意标准格式。s单峰，d双重，t三重，q四重，m多重。 | 1H NMR(400 MHz, CDCl3) δ1.10 (s, 3H), 1.56 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 1.84(dd, J = 3.6 and 4.4 Hz, 1H), 2.16-2.43(m, 2H). |
| 13C NMR | 核磁共振碳谱,请注意400 M仪器上碳谱是100 MHz。 | 13C NMR(100 MHz, CDCl3) δ17.4, 20.4, 25.7, 58.4, 102.9. |
| HRMS | 高分辨率质谱 | HRMS(EI) calcd. For C12H18O(M+): 178.1356, found: 178.1458. |
| Anal. | 元素分析 | Anal. Calcd for ****: C 74.02, H 18.54. Found：C 73.98, H 18.50. |
| ee | Enantiomeric excess,对映体过量值 | 计算方法： (major – minor)/(major+minor)，以百分数表示。 |
| de | 非对映异构体过量值 | |
| ratio | 比例 | |
| er | 对映体比例 | |
| dr | 非对映体比例 | |
| ORP | 比旋光度（optical rotary power） | αd[20] +10.3 (c 1.0, CH2Cl2) d代表钠灯d线，20代表温度，c代表浓度，1.0即10 mg/ 1mL，后面是溶剂。 需要用测得的值除以当时的浓度换算。 |
| UV | 紫外-(可见)光谱 | |
| IR | 红外光谱 | |
| XRD | X射线衍射，一般用来测定晶体结构 |